Federal Government Program

While assistance programs for the poor have never been as popular as those for the elderly, one such program, Medicaid, became a favorite target for expansion by state and national policymakers during the fiscally conservative 1980s and early 1990s. As a result, Medicaid's expenditures began to grow at rates double that of Medicare which serves the elderly. The author explores the complex political and institutional factors, as well as the contribution of one exceptionally motivated individual, Henry Waxman, in promoting this unusual situation. Why was Medicaid singled out as virtually the only health care program expanded by Congress during these years? The answer is in the nature of the policy itself -- Medicaid's shared financing mechanism -- in which program costs are paid for jointly by the federal and state governments. Such an arrangement diffuses responsibility, increasing opportunities for shifting costs, blame, and/or credit between levels of government. This study presents numerous examples in which the federal government and states expanded the Medicaid program to serve their own interests, while shifting part or all of the cost to the other level of government. The end result was a dramatic increase in Medicaid expenditures, while those of Medicare program, funded by a single level of government, leveled off.

The federal government operates six major health care programs that serve nearly 100 million Americans. Collectively, these programs significantly influence how health care is provided by the private sector. Leadership by Example explores how the federal government can leverage its unique position as regulator, purchaser, provider, and research sponsor to improve care--not only in these six programs but also throughout the nation's health care system. The book describes the federal programs and the populations they serve: Medicare (the elderly), Medicaid (low income patients), SCHIP (children), VHA (veterans), TRICARE (individuals in the military and their dependents), and IHS (native Americans). It then examines the steps each program takes to assure and improve safety and quality of care. The Institute of Medicine proposes a national quality enhancement strategy focused on performance measurement of clinical quality and patient perceptions of care. The discussion on which this book focuses includes recommendations for developing and pilot-testing performance measures, creating an information infrastructure for comparing performance and disseminating results, and more. Leadership by Example also includes a proposed research agenda to support quality enhancement. The third in the series of books from the Quality of Health Care in America project, this well-targeted volume will be important to all readers of To Err Is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm--as well as to new readers interested in the federal government's role in health care.

Federal Depository Library Program - The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) is administered by the United States Government Printing Office and was established by Congress to ensure that the American public has access to its Government's information. Since 1813, depository libraries have safeguarded the public's right to know by collecting, organizing, maintaining, preserving, and assisting users with information from the Federal Government.

Federal Identity Program - The Federal Identity Program (FIP) is the Canadian government's corporate identity program controlled by the Treasury Board Secretariat. The purpose is to clearly identify each program and service of the government, or the Government of Canada in general.

Federal Music Project - The Federal Music Project (FMP), part of the United States federal government New Deal program Federal One, employed musicians, conductors and composers during the Great Depression. People in the music world had been particularly hard-hit by the era's economic downturn.

Federal Writers' Project - The Federal Writers' Project (FWP) was a United States federal government project to fund written work and support writers during the Great Depression. It was part of the Works Projects Administration, a New Deal program.

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